Description
Occurrences in this dataset on Swedish Insects have been identified from specimens collected from for the Swedish Malaise Project (SMTP), an inventory funded by the Swedish Species Information Centre (ArtDatabanken). These records comprise the foundation for recent estimates on the size and composition of the Swedish insect fauna, published herein as sample-based datasets.
Data Records
The data in this sampling event resource has been published as a Darwin Core Archive (DwC-A), which is a standardized format for sharing biodiversity data as a set of one or more data tables. The core data table contains 30 records.
1 extension data tables also exist. An extension record supplies extra information about a core record. The number of records in each extension data table is illustrated below.
This IPT archives the data and thus serves as the data repository. The data and resource metadata are available for download in the downloads section. The versions table lists other versions of the resource that have been made publicly available and allows tracking changes made to the resource over time.
Versions
The table below shows only published versions of the resource that are publicly accessible.
How to cite
Researchers should cite this work as follows:
Karlsson D, Ronquist F (2020): Swedish Malaise Trap Project (SMTP) - Macrolepidoptera. v1.2. Station Linné. Dataset/Samplingevent. http://www.gbif.se/ipt/resource?r=smtp-40&v=1.2
Rights
Researchers should respect the following rights statement:
The publisher and rights holder of this work is Station Linné. To the extent possible under law, the publisher has waived all rights to these data and has dedicated them to the Public Domain (CC0 1.0). Users may copy, modify, distribute and use the work, including for commercial purposes, without restriction.
GBIF Registration
This resource has been registered with GBIF, and assigned the following GBIF UUID: 6d26de3e-83ea-4a19-a000-8a4e8ce0c4f4. Station Linné publishes this resource, and is itself registered in GBIF as a data publisher endorsed by GBIF Sweden.
Keywords
Samplingevent; Sweden; Malaise Trap; Insecta; Lepidoptera; Macrolepidoptera
External data
The resource data is also available in other formats
| Data Package, quantitative and non-quantitative data | https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2019/07/02/687392/DC2/embed/media-2.zip?download=true UTF-8 TSV |
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Contacts
- Metadata Provider ●
- Originator ●
- Point Of Contact
- Managing Director
http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4639-823X
- Originator ●
- Point Of Contact
- Professor
- Content Provider ●
- Metadata Provider
- Curator
- Programmer
- Metadata Provider
- Doctoral Student
- Metadata Provider
- Senior Assistant
Geographic Coverage
The study area is within the political territory of Sweden, including the islands of Öland and Gotland.
| Bounding Coordinates | South West [55.27, 11.16], North East [69.35, 23.82] |
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Taxonomic Coverage
Separate datasets from the full suite of analyzed species occurrence records correspond to batches of identified samples defined as an “analysis taxon” (Ronquist et al., 2019). In most cases, this refers to a family or subfamily of either Diptera or Hymenoptera; otherwise, the “analysis taxon” represents several to all families in other insect orders. The identifications cover nearly 4,000 species, of which over 600 are new to science.
| Kingdom | Animalia |
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| Phylum | Arthropoda |
| Class | Insecta |
| Order | Lepidoptera |
Temporal Coverage
| Start Date / End Date | 2003-06-08 / 2006-11-23 |
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| Start Date / End Date | 2007-04-11 / 2009-01-01 |
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Project Data
These data apply to the first 165,000 specimens to be identified from SMTP samples, whose determinations were contributed by an international group of taxonomic experts. The data analyzed represent cleaned data files that were made available to the SMTP from collaborating researchers by Spring 2017.
| Title | Size and Composition of the Swedish Insect Fauna |
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| Funding | This study was supported by the Swedish Research Council (grant 2014-05901), Formas (grant 217-2004-2101) and the Swedish Taxonomy Initiative, whose support for the Malaise trap inventory, and taxonomic research projects between 2003 and 2017 on the Swedish insect fauna, are the primary sources of reported occurrences. |
| Study Area Description | The sampling area was on the Scandinavian Peninsula, within political borders of Sweden, and included the islands of Öland and Gotland. The altitude range of the trap sites was from near sea level to 900 m. Malaise trap localities ranged from Sandhammaren and Hamburgsund on the south and southwest coasts, respectively, to the northern border of Sweden at Nuolja and Vasikavuoma. Within this area, 73 Malaise traps were placed at 54 sites were selected in the interest of sampling a diversity of habitats meeting criteria for handling logistical (i.e., maintenance) constraints. Most of the project Malaise traps were run continuously from 2003 to 2006; some traps were run only during part of this period or from 2007 to 2009. Detailed data on the trap sites and the samples collected (1919 samples in total) are available in project archives (see also http://www.stationlinne.se/en/research/the-swedish-malaise-trap-project-smtp/). The trap sites were categorized in four biogeographic regions and six habitat classes for the faunal analyses. |
| Design Description | Analyses of data from the Swedish Malaise Trap Project employed species lists of the target taxa compiled from submitted lists from collaborating experts and the literature on each group, including species recorded from Sweden in Fauna Europaea. Taxonomic composition of the Swedish fauna was analyzed in terms of the families and orders recognized in DynTaxa (http://dyntaxa.se), the official checklist of the Swedish flora and fauna. At the family level, the three most species-rich insect families (Ichneumonidae, Braconidae and Staphylinidae) were divided into subfamilies to make the family-level units more comparable in size. Of the 127 occurrence data files, 117 include trap abundance data; the remaining ten files report only species presence in samples. Occurrences were regrouped into 79 datasets for analyses, each corresponding to the set of samples for a single taxon or assemblage of taxa (“analysis taxon”). These datasets were imported as SMTP species occurrence records into the project database and transformed to sampling event Darwin Core archives for publication. |
The personnel involved in the project:
Sampling Methods
Most of the approximately 20 million specimens from SMTP samples were preserved in alcohol, shipped to and stored at Station Linné, Öland. The collecting events range from a few days to several weeks depending on the frequency at which the sampling containers needed to be replaced: shorter time periods characterize spring and summer sampling events, during which there was a higher abundance of most insects. Specimens identified to generate these sample-based datasets are distributed among public entomology collections as vouchers in taxonomic and phylogenetic studies, with primary types housed at the Swedish Museum of Natural History (NRM). Other terrestrial arthropods (e.g., spiders, mites, springtails) and invertebrates (e.g., snails, earthworms) recorded from SMTP samples are not included in this dataset.
| Study Extent | Malaise trap localities ranged from Sandhammaren and Hamburgsund on the south and southwest coasts, respectively, to the northern border of Sweden at Nuolja and Vasikavuoma. Within this area, 73 Malaise traps were placed at 54 sites were selected in the interest of sampling a diversity of habitats meeting criteria for logistical, maintenance concerns. The altitude range of the trap sites was from near sea level to 900 m. |
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| Quality Control | The occurrence datasets returned to SMTP staff were validated and cleaned, with names used for identifications matched to those of the national species checklist (DynTaxa) and the European species checklist (Fauna Europaea). |
Method step description:
- Raw trap samples were sorted by taxonomy into increasingly restrictive units, resulting in more than 300 taxonomic fractions (see http://www.stationlinne.se/en/research/the-swedish-malaise-trap-project-smtp/taxonomic-units-in-the-smtp/), which were sent to collaborating experts for identification. Over 100 taxonomic experts from around the world were involved in identifying this material, which represents 165,000 specimens. These datasets were reorganized into 79 datasets, each corresponding to a set of samples of a particular taxon or assemblage of taxa (“analysis taxon”) processed by a different expert or group of experts. The analysis taxa mostly correspond to families or subfamilies of Diptera and Hymenoptera, and orders or parts of orders for other insect groups. The data analyzed represent all the cleaned data files that were available in the spring of 2017. In total, there are 127 files, most of which contain abundance data (117 files) but some of which only provide incidence data (10 files). The analyzed information is estimated to represent from 2 to 67 % of the entire catch of each analysis taxon (Table S4). In total, the abundance data comprise 157,225 specimens (30,643 records) identified to 3,916 taxa. The incidence data represent another 1,516 observations and 279 taxa. The incidence data roughly corresponds to 7,800 specimens, if this material contained the same average number of specimens per species and sample as the material covered by the abundance data.
Collection Data
| Collection Name | NRM Entomology Collection |
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| Collection Name | Entomology Collection, Station Linné |
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| Specimen preservation methods | Alcohol, Pinned, Microscopic preparation, Mounted |
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Bibliographic Citations
- Fredrik Ronquist, Mattias Forshage, Sibylle Häggqvist, Dave Karlsson, Rasmus Hovmöller, Johannes Bergsten, Kevin Holston, Tom Britton, Johan Abenius, Bengt Andersson, Peter Neerup Buhl, Carl-Cedric Coulianos, Arne Fjellberg, Carl-Axel Gertsson, Sven Hellqvist, Mathias Jaschhof, Jostein Kjærandsen, Seraina Klopfstein, Sverre Kobro, Andrew Liston, Rudolf Meier, Marc Pollet, Matthias Riedel, Jindřich Roháček, Meike Schuppenhauer, Julia Stigenberg, Ingemar Struwe, Andreas Taeger, Sven-Olof Ulefors, Oleksandr Varga, Phil Withers, Ulf Gärdenfors (2020): "Completing Linnaeus’ Inventory of the Swedish Insect Fauna: Only 5000 Species Left?". PLOS ONE 15(3): e0228561. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228561
Additional Metadata
| Alternative Identifiers | http://www.gbif.se/ipt/resource?r=smtp-40 |
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